第å…节 用é‡�与用法
  本项最常用的英è¯è¡¨ç¤ºæ³•有:
  Dosage and Administration 用(剂)�与用法
  Route of Administration 给�途径(用法)
  Administration 用法
  Direction for Use 用法
  Method of (for) Administration 用法
  Application and Dosage 用法与用(剂)�
  Mode of Application 用法
  Dosage 用(剂)�
  How to Use 用法
  Posology 剂é‡�å¦
  还�能有其他的表示方法。
  本项也是阅读的é‡�点,读者必须æ£ç¡®ç�†è§£æœ¬é¡¹å†…容ä¸çš„ç»™è�¯å¯¹è±¡ã€�ç»™è�¯æ–¹å¼�ã€�剂é‡�å�Šå‰‚é‡�å�•ä½�ã€�ç»™è�¯æ—¶é—´ç‰ã€‚
  1ã€�常用表示剂é‡�的术è¯
  average dose 平�剂� minimal (minimum) dose 最�有效�
  daily dose 日剂�(一日�) multiple dose 多剂�
  divided dose 分次剂� overdose (overdose) 过�
  fatal (lethal) dose 致æ»é‡� single dose 一次剂é‡�
  indicated dose 有效蛴é‡� standard dose æ ‡å‡†ï¼ˆå�ˆé€‚)剂é‡�
  initial (beginning, starting) dose 首次� suggested (recommended) dose 推�剂�
  maintenance dose 维�� therapeutic dose 治疗剂�
  maximum dose 最大剂�(��) usual (normal) dose 常用剂�
  2�常用的剂���表示法
  g=gram 克 l=liter (litre) �
  mg=milligram 毫克 ml=milliliter 毫�
  kg=kilogram �克 c.c. 毫�
  mcg=microgram 微克 I.U.=international unit 国际��
  ug 微克 body weight 体�
  per square meter of body surface �平方米体表�积
  3��次给�次数的表示方法
  daily (per day, a day, every day ) �日
  every …hours æ¯�éš”…å°�æ—¶
  intervats of … æ¯�éš”…
  once (twice) daily (a day) �日一(二)次
  every other day �隔一日
  three times a day (daily) �日三次
  three times a week �周三次
  once (twice) a week (weekly) �周一(二)次
  Divided into … doses 分…次
  in two or three divided doses 分为二或三次(个剂�)
  例1 Unless other wise prescribed by the physician, the average daily dose is 1 capsule 3 times daily.
  如果医生��开处方,平�日剂�为�日3次��次1个胶襄。
  例2 The suggested dose is 10 to 15 mg per kg dody weight daily in 3-4 divided doses orally, taken with meets.
  日剂�最好�公斤体�10-15mg,分3-4次��,与食物共�。
  例3 The initial dosage recommended is 1/2 tablet of Madopa 250 three times daily.
  开始剂�最好为�日3次,�次�片美多巴250.
  例4 Children: The usual dose is 50 to 100 mg/kg/day total, given in four equally divided and spaced doses.
  儿童:常用总剂é‡�为æ¯�æ—¥50-100mg/kg体é‡�,å�‡åˆ†ä¸ºå››ç‰ä»½ï¼Œç‰é—´éš”ç»™è�¯ã€‚
  例5 The recommended starting dose is 20mg given as a single daily dose.
  推�的首剂�为�20mg,一次�用。
  4�给�对象:最常�的用�有
  adolescents �少年 intant(s) 幼儿
  adult(s) �年人 male 男性
  baby (babies) 婴儿 newborn baby (babies) 新生儿
  children (child) 儿童 patient(s) 患者,病人
  debilitated patients 体弱患者 pediatric 儿科的
  elderly patient(s) è€�年患者 pregnant women å•妇
  female 女性 senile patient(s) �年患者(病人)
  5ã€�ç»™è�¯æ–¹å¼�的表示法:多用副è¯�æˆ�或介è¯�çŸè¯è¡¨ç¤ºï¼Œä¾‹å¦‚:
  intra-arterially �脉内给� by mouth (OS) ��
  intragluteally 臀肌内给� by phleboclysis �脉输液
  intramuscularly 肌内给� by intramuscular (IM) injection 肌肉注射
  intraperitoneally 腹(膜)腔内给� by intravenous (IV) injection �脉注射
  intrapleurally 胸(膜)腔内给� by the intra-articatar administration 关节内给�
  intrathecally 鞘内给� by the intramuscular administration (route) 肌内给�
  intravenously �脉内给� by the intranasal route 鼻内给�
  locally 局部给� orally ��给�
  parenterally è‚ é�“外给è�¯ by the intraperitoneal administration 腹(膜)腔内给è�¯
  subconjuntivally 结膜下给� by the intravenous infusion (perfusion) �脉输注
  subcutaneously 皮下给� sublingually 舌下给�
  submucously 粘膜下给� by the intrathecal administration 鞘内给�
  by aerosol 喷雾给� by the subligual administration 舌下给�
  by drip phleboclysis 点滴é�™è„‰è¾“æ¶² per rectum ç›´è‚ ç»™è�¯
  by enema ç�Œè‚ per vaginum 阴é�“ç»™è�¯
  by lumbar 腰椎给è�¯ pro recto ç›´è‚ ç»™è�¯
  æ¤å¤–还有许多其他的表示法,ä¸�一一列举。
  6ã€�表示“投è�¯”的常用动è¯�
  administer (或be administered�give�be given�indicate�be indicated) 给��投�
  use (或be used �employ�be employed) 用�
  recommend (be recommended�suggest�be suggested) 推�给�
  7�表示��的用�方�的动�:
  take �用 inhale �入 apply to 用于�涂于�敷于
  spray 喷雾 inject 注射 swallow ��
  例6 …the recommended single dose is 1 ampoule, given subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously.
  建议一次剂�为1安瓶,皮下�肌肉或�脉注射给�。
  例7 I.M injections should be administered in the amount of 25-50mg daily per kilo of body weight, subdivided into injections every 6-8-12 hours.
  肌肉注射:�日�公斤体�给�25-50mg,�6-8-12�时一次。
  例8 For adults give intramuscular injection of 400 to 600 mg per day in 2-3 divided doses. For intants give intramuscular injection of 10-20mg/kg per day in two divided doses.
  �年人:肌肉注射,�日400-600mg,分2-3次注射;婴儿:肌肉注射,�日10-20mg/kg体�,分2次注射。
  例9 The tablets (or the syrup) are to be taken during or after a meal with a little liquid.
  片剂(或糖浆)应于食间或é¥å�Žç”¨å°‘é‡�液体é€�æœ�。
  例10 Apply the Nitro-Dur system firmly to the skin surface. The Nitro-Dur system may be applied to any convenient skin area, a recommended side of application is the arm or chest.
  把护心贴片紧贴在皮肤表�,护心贴片�贴在任何方便的皮肤区域,最好是贴在手臂或胸部。
  例11 In general 1 to 3 metered doses should should be inhaled or sprayed onto or under the tongue at the every oneset of anginal pain.
  一般应在心绞痛开始�作时就�入,或�舌上或舌下喷入1-3个规定的剂�。
  8ã€�其它的çŸè¯æˆ–å�¥åž‹ï¼Œä¾‹å¦‚: åŒ»å¦æ•™.育网æ�œé›†
  according to æ ¹æ�® be adjusted 调整 depend on ä¾�æ�® adapt to 适å�ˆï¼Œä¿®æ”¹
  on the basis of 在…基础上 vary from…to… å�˜åŒ–范围由…至…ï¼Œå› …而异
  range from … to … å�˜åŒ–范围由…至…
  it is advisable to (it is recommended toã€�it is suggested to ) 建议…
  例å�很多,ä¸�一一列举。
  例12 Dosage should be adapted to patients individually, on the basis of periodic tests of glycosuria and blood sugar.
  在周期性检验尿糖和血糖的基础上,调整剂�,使之适用于��的患者。
  例13 It si advisable to initiate therapy with massive doses: 3x2 tablets daily after meals over 2-4 days.
  建议开始治疗时采用大剂é‡�,æ¯�日剂é‡�为3x2片,é¥å�Žæœ�用,æŒ�ç»2-4日。
  例14 In severs chronic cases, treatment is started with daily 1 to 2 ampoules of Bilocid and continused with one ampoule every other day, injected slowly by the intravenous route.
  治疗严é‡�的慢性疾病时,治疗从æ¯�æ—¥1-2æ”¯åˆ©èƒ†ç´ æ³¨å°„å‰‚å¼€å§‹ï¼Œç»§ç»æ²»ç–—æ—¶æ¯�隔一日1安瓶缓慢é�™è„‰æ³¨å°„。
  例15 The number of injections required may vary from from patient to patient.
ã€€ã€€æ‰€éœ€æ³¨å°„æ¬¡æ•°å› æ‚£è€…è€Œå¼‚ã€‚
  例16 The dosage of Glutril must be adjusted by the doctor according to the individual metabolic state.
ã€€ã€€æ ¼è·¯ç‰¹åˆ©çš„å‰‚é‡�éœ€ç”±åŒ»ç”Ÿæ ¹æ�®æ¯�个患者的代谢状况调整。
  例17 In such instance, it is recommended that the dose be reduced.
  在这�情况下,建议�少剂�。
  例18 The maintenance dosage is determined by response of the patient.
  维�剂�视患者对�物的�应而定。
  从上述例å�¥å�¯è§�,本项ä¸è‹±è¯çš„æ™®é€šè¯�汇较多,å�ªè¦�有一定的英è¯åŸºç¡€å�‡å�¯è¯»æ‡‚,专业è¯�汇多为医å¦è¯�汇,å�¯ä»Žè‹±æ±‰åŒ»å¦è¯�兏䏿Ÿ¥å‡ºã€‚
  英文��说明书的写法(一)
  英文��说明书的写法(二)
  英文��说明书的写法(三)
  英文��说明书的写法(四)
  英文��说明书的写法(五)
  英文��说明书的写法(七)
  英文��说明书的写法(八)
  英文��说明书的写法(�)
  英文��说明书的写法(�)
  英文��说明书的写法(�一)
  英文��说明书的写法(�二)