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Part V. Writing (20%)
Directions: In 'this part there is an essay in Chinese. Read it carefully then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET. Make sure that your summary covers the major points of the essay.
全科医生培养��展�路
éš�ç�€åŒ»ç–—å�«ç”Ÿäº‹ä¸šçš„ä¸�æ–å�‘展,人们对社区å�«ç”Ÿæœ�务的è¦�求也越æ�¥è¶Šé«˜ã€‚ç›®å‰�我国社区å�«ç”Ÿæœ�务å�‘展还ä¸�å¹³è¡¡ã€‚é«˜ç´ è´¨çš„å…¨ç§‘åŒ»ç”Ÿï¼ˆgencral practitioner)缺ä¹�æˆ�为社区å�«ç”Ÿå�‘展滞å�Žçš„主è¦�åŽŸå› ã€‚è§„èŒƒå…¨ç§‘åŒ»ç”ŸåŸ¹å…»ï¼Œå¤§åŠ›å�‘展全科医生培è®å·¥ä½œåŠ¿åœ¨å¿…è¡Œã€‚å…¨ç§‘åŒ»ç”Ÿåœ¨ç¤¾åŒºå�«ç”Ÿæœ�务ä¸çš„功能包括治疗ã€�ä¿�å�¥ã€�预防ã€�护ç�†ã€�å�¥åº·è°ƒæŸ¥ã€�咨询å�Šå�¥åº·æ•™è‚²ç‰ã€‚虽然我国全科医å¦ï¼ˆgeneral family medicine)已ç»�得到了普å�Šå’Œå�‘展,但其教育与培è®çš„æ€»ä½“水平还å˜åœ¨ä¸€äº›é—®é¢˜ã€‚本文就全科医生的培养和今å�Žçš„å�‘展å�šä¸€æµ…æž�。
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全科医生需è¦�较全é�¢çš„知识。æŸ�些严é‡�疾病的早期症状å�¯èƒ½æ¯”较轻微,与一些常è§�ã€�多å�‘ç—…è¡¨çŽ°å¹¶æ— å¤ªå¤§åŒºåˆ«ã€‚è¿™å°±è¦�求全科医生从众多的疾病ä¸ç›é€‰å�¯èƒ½çš„æƒ…å†µï¼Œå› æ¤è¦�求全科医生临床å¦ç§‘知识é�¢è¦�广。社区å�«ç”Ÿå·¥ä½œä¸ï¼Œä¸€å��å�ˆæ ¼çš„全科医生,也应是一å��出色的社会工作者。全科医生æœ�务的对象是社区内的居民,而且有å�¯èƒ½éœ€è¦�长期é�¢å¯¹ï¼Œå› æ¤è¦�求全科医生è¦�有良好的人际关系ã€�å��è°ƒèƒ½åŠ›å’Œé«˜åº¦çš„å·¥ä½œçƒæƒ…,并与患者建立一ç§�亲密而长期的å�‹æƒ…,æˆ�为病人家åºçš„良师益å�‹ï¼Œè€Œä¸”è¦�具有良好的è�Œä¸šé�“德。
ç›®å‰�全科医生å˜åœ¨çš„问题
å…¨ç§‘åŒ»ç”Ÿå·¥ä½œçƒæƒ…ä¸�高。一方é�¢ä¸Žä¸“业医生相比,收入与社会地ä½�å˜åœ¨å·®è·�ï¼›å�¦ä¸€æ–¹é�¢å·¥ä½œçŽ¯å¢ƒè¾ƒè‰°è‹¦ï¼ŒåŒ»ç–—è®¾å¤‡è�½å�Žï¼Œå¯¼è‡´å…¨ç§‘åŒ»ç”Ÿçš„å·¥ä½œçƒæƒ…和人员稳定性ä¸�高。å�ˆæ ¼çš„全科医生人员ä¸�多。由于全科医å¦ä¸“业在我国å�‘展历å�²è¾ƒçŸï¼Œå¾ˆå¤šåŒ»å¦é™¢æ ¡è¿‘年刚开设全科医å¦çš„专业。全科医生实际工作能力与居民的è¦�求还有è·�离,å�Œæ—¶ç¤¾åŒºå·¥ä½œä¹Ÿæ˜¯åœ¨é€�æ¸�摸索ã€�完善的过程ä¸ï¼Œå› æ¤ç¤¾åŒºå�«ç”Ÿæœ�务的工作开展ä»�ä¸�太ç�†æƒ³ã€‚
解决的方法与�考
制定全科医å¦ç›¸å…³é¢†åŸŸçš„æ”¿ç–和规划ã€�社区å�«ç”Ÿæœ�务å�‘展ç–略和相关人力资æº�政ç–ï¼Œç‰¹åˆ«æ˜¯æŽ¨åŠ¨å…¨ç§‘åŒ»å¦æ¯•业生致力于社区群众æœ�务的激励机制ç‰ï¼Œä¿ƒä½¿å…¨ç§‘医疗得到å�¥åº·æŒ�ç»çš„å�‘展。以全科医生岗ä½�培è®ä¸ºé‡�点,低年资的全科医生è¦�进行专科轮转,至少3年,掌æ�¡ä¸“ç§‘å¦æ ¡çš„基本ç�†è®ºå’ŒåŸºæœ¬æŠ€èƒ½ï¼›é«˜å¹´èµ„的全科医生å�¯é€šè¿‡è¿œç¨‹æ•™è‚²ï¼Œå�‚åŠ å�„çœ�ã€�市ä¸å¿ƒåŸ¹è®æœºæž„组织临床技能è®ï¼Œé€�æ¥æ��高技术水平。å�„çœ�ã€�市å�¯ä»¥æ ¹æ�®å®žé™…需è¦�ï¼Œå¢žåŠ ä¸€äº›ç¤¾åŒºå·¥ä½œæ€¥éœ€çš„åŸ¹è®å†…容。对部分基础较好的医生进行é‡�点培养,然å�Žç”±è¿™äº›å�ˆæ ¼çš„全科医生å†�去培养更多的全科医生,促进全科医生的全é�¢æ��高,进而æ��高防治社区常è§�疾病ã€�解决社区å�¥åº·é—®é¢˜çš„能力,达到全科医生的岗ä½�è¦�求。
摘�范文:
The Approaches of Cultivating Developing General Practitioners
With the continuous development of health care,community health services are increasingly significant However,imperfect geneal practice education andlack of high-qualified gencral practitiones inevitably restrict the development of community health services.Thus,standardized training vigorous devotion to general practice education are very imperative.
When it comes to basic qualities of geneal practitioners,well-rounded knowledge comes first .Some severe discases tend to be characterized with mild symptoms,which are not different from some common disorders.Therefore,general practitioners are required to identify possible cases.Moreover,as social workers,general practitioners are bound to constantly contact people in the community,hence,enthusiasm in work as well as good communication cooperation skills are crucial.
Unfortunately many problems arise currently.Unsatisfactory income,lower social status tough working conditions lead to less devotion to the work.Besides,it has not been long since the major of general family medicine was established,general practitioners have not been equipped with adequate practical skills.
In order to enhance the sustainable development of community health care,firstly,related policies,projects incentive mechanism are indispensable.Secondly,general practice education should put emphasis on on-the-job training.On one hand,junior general practitioners are required to take rotation training for three years at least,so as to basic theories skills.On the other hand,senior general practitioners improve their skills through distance education or training programs.Some potential talents may be chosen as the very group to be trained,in the hope that they can further cultivate more qualified general practitioners.
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