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医务术语:术�评估

  Preoperative Assessment术�评估

  Assessment and Implementation评估实施

  1.Use Standard Protocol.采用标准护�程�

  2.Determine if the client has any communication impairment and if the client is mentally competent.测定病人存在沟通障�,心智是��全。

  3.Assess the client's understanding of the intended surgery and anesthesia.评估病人是�了解�将进行的手术�麻醉。

  4.Obtain a nursing history:获�护��

  A.Condition leading to surgery 需手术的病情

  B. The need for isolation precautions. 隔离需�

  C.Chronic illnesses. 慢性疾病

  D.Last menstrual period (for female clients in childbearing years)。 末次月�(育龄期女性病人)

  E.Previous hospitalizations. 既往�院�

  F.Medication history, including prescription and over-the-counter (OTC), and date/time of last doses. 用��,包括处方与�处方�,末次用�日期/时间

  G.Previous experience with surgery and anesthesia.既往手术�麻醉�

  H.Family history of complications from surgery or anesthesia. 家庭手术或麻醉并�症�

  I.Allergies to medications or food, including specific questions about natural rubber latex.�物或食物过��,包括天然橡胶特�过��应

  J.Physical impairment. 身体��情况

  K.Prostheses and implants (e.g., dentures, hearing aid, pacemaker, internal defibrillator, hip prosthesis)�体和移�(如义齿�助�器�起�器�除颤器�人工髋关节)

  L.Smoking, alcohol, and drug use. �烟�饮酒和�毒�

  M.Occupation �业

  5.Assess client's weight, height, and vital signs.评估病人体��身高和生命体�。

  6.Assess client's respiratory status, including character and rate of respirations, oxygen saturation, ability to breathe lying flat, and chest x-ray report.评估病人呼�系统状况,包括呼�特�与速度,氧饱和度,平�呼�能力�胸片。

  7.Assess client's circulatory status, including apical pulse, electrocardiogram (ECG) report, and peripheral pulses.评估病人循环系统状况,包括心尖�动�心电图和周围脉�。

  8.Determine client's neurological status, including level of consciousness (LOC)。测定病人神�学状况,包括神志清醒程度。

  9.Assess client's musculoskeletal system,including range of motion (ROM) of joints.评估病人肌骨骼系统,包括关节活动度。

  10.Examine client's skin; identify any breaks in skin integrity and determine level of hydration.检查病人皮肤,确认皮肤完整性��情况,确定水�程度。

  11.Assess client's emotional status, including level of anxiety, coping ability, and family support.评估病人情绪状况,包括焦虑程度�应对能力和家庭支�。

  12.Review the results of laboratory tests, including complete blood count (CBC), electrolytes, urinalysis, and other diagnostic tests.审查化验报告,包括全血计数�电解质�尿检和其他诊断试验。

  13.Ask if client has an advanced directive.询问病人是�得到事先说明。

  14.Identify the time of client's last intake of food or drink.确认病人上次摄食与饮水时间。

  15.Use Completion Protocol.采用护�完�标准程�。

  Evaluation评价

  1.Review records to determine if necessary information has been assessed.�查记录,确定必需项目是�得到评估。

  2.Evaluate client's ability to cooperate.评价病人�作能力。

  Identify Unexpected Outcomes and Nursing Interventions确认�外结果与护�措施

  Record and Report记录与报告

  1.Using agency format (preoperative checklist), complete all essential information.采用机构表格(术�目录�),填写全部��信�。

  2.Report abnormal laboratory values and other concerns to the surgeon or anesthesiologist.�手术医生或麻醉师报告异常化验值�其他问题。

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